Metal spinning apparatus



Sept. 11, 1951 w. R. HARRISON ET AL 2,567,334

METAL SPINNING APPARATUS Filed June 21, 1945 7 Sheets-Sheet 1 'mvtmom MLUAIIRHARR'ISON Huvs dzznmkmmv' New: VSPRouzm By Laws 6.

AT T ORNEY Sept. 11, 1951 Q w. R. HARfiISQN ET AL 2,567,334 I Y METAL SPINNING APPARATUS Filed June 21, 1946 7 Sheets- Sheet 2 I I A54 54 g 1 III HI! 117 m 4' I l m I i o i A} m 1 I z 141 I. 'r

'INVENTORS WILLIAMR.HARR150N -hmu okn G; KILPATRJCK HANS JZIMMZRMANN NOLTE TZSPRWL AND 62 Laws C GALLEHER ATTORNEYS Sept. 11, 1951 w. R. HARRISON ET AL 2,567,334

METAL SPINNING APPARATUS Filed June 21, 1946 7 Sheets-Sheet 5 JNVENTORS WILLIAMRHARRISON 5 MLmKDQImPAz-mcw HANS J ZIMMERMANN Nou'z VISPROl/L AND Lows CGALLEHER ATTOR NEYS W. R. HARRISON ET AL METAL SPINNING APPARATUS Sept. 11, 1951 '7 Sheets-Sheet 4 Filed June 21, 1946 I N VEN T ORS WJLLJAMRHAWSON MLFORD GJQLPATRMK HANS JZJMMERMANN NIIIIIIIII IH NULTE vspzzovz, 4m Laws C. GALLEHER 952m avg 45 ATZ'QRNEYS Sept. 11, 1951 Filed June 2i, 1946 w. R. HARRISON ErAL METAL SPINNING APPARATUS 7 Sheets-Sheet 5 ATTORNEYS Sept. 11, 1951 w. R. HARRISON ET AL 2,567,334

METAL SPINNING APPARATUS Filed June 21, 1946 7 Sheets-Sheet 6 lll Mull-[III]! \L Am 154 I 42 157 P z I m. I I A A 150 2 Ill ga 57 ll 9 JNVENTORS 2g 61 g I MLLIAMRMRRISQN F i3 WILFORD GMLPATRJC'K L9 lawvsJZzmam/xmr I Nona VSPRovL AND 59 By Laws CGALLEHER A Y'QM YS '7 Shets-Sheet 7 Sept. 11 1951. w. R. HARRISON ET AL METAL SPINNING APPARATUS Filed June 21, 1945 ATTORNEYS F'atented Sept. 11, 1951 "UNITED "STATE 2,567,334 METAL SPINNING APPARATUS ration of Delaware Applicationdune, 21, 1946, Serial No. 678,296

The invention relates to methods and apparatus for precision roller spinning articles such as V-grooved pulleys of ductile material, such" as metal, and preferably rolled steel sheets or strips,

and relates more particularly to methods and apparatus for the automatic spinning of a plurality of articles at one time.

More particularly, the present improvements are adapted for the manufacture of the V-groove pulleys set forth in the U. S. Nelson Patent No. a

" 9'Claims. (01.113-52) 1,680,061, and constitute improvements upon the methods and apparatus set forth in said Nelson Patent No. 1,680,061 and in the U. S .'Harrison Patents Nos. 1,828,464 and 2,062,415.

The method of roller spinning set forth in each of said prior patents generally includes rotating material to be spun, applying radial pressure to the rotating material, and applyin'g an axially directed thrust to the rotating material during the application of the radial pressure.

In said prior patents, the radial pressure is applied either by manually actuated non-yielding mechanical means or by automatically actuated non-yielding mechanical means or by manually actuated yielding pressure means; and-the axially directed thrust is applied by manually or automatically controlled piston means actuated by the expansion of a compressible medium such as compressed air.

However, certain difficulties have been 'encountered in using the methods and apparatus of said prior patents as follows:

First, only one pulley may be spun at one time on any one machine.

Second, one operator is required for each suchv machine.

Third, the receiving die for the article being spun is mounted for rotation on a horizontal axis which causes more difficulty and fatigue to the operator in loading and unloading than if the article were dropped into or removed from a receiving die mounted for rotation on a vertical axis. I

Fourth, in loading and unloading the operator must place the article upon or strip ,itfrom a rotating die, or in the alternative the rotating die must be stopped for loading and unloading. The

former operation involves danger, hazard and possible injury to the operator while the latter operation, although avoiding the dangers of the former, involves loss of machine time while the machine is stopped for unloading andloading. Moreover, the operators hands are subject to possible injury because in loading, a second die approaches the die on which the blank'is loaded and the operator only has ashort time interval within which to load and remove his'hands to a place of safety.

Fifth, it is frequently difficult for certain sizes of pulleys or metal gauges to obtain the proper 2 balance and magnitude of pressures required for the radially and axially applied or directed pressures or thrusts, whether or not these pressures or thrusts are applied manually or automatically, or are applied yieldingly or non-yieldingly, or are coordinated manually or automatically or mechanically.

Sixth, rotation of the article being spun depends upon frictional'engagement of the article with a'rotating'spinning die by the axial thrust applied during the application of radial pressure; and'since the axial thrust varies during the application'of radial pressure, slippage may occur which may damage the article being spun or cause excessive wear upon the spinning dies.

Seventh, the travel of the spinning roll inward of the V-groove in forming a V-groove in a cylindrical, Wall of a work-piece is always in a single plane'norma'l to the axis upon which ,the workpiece is rotated, and the spinning roll therefore cannot accommodate itself to the metal flow in the work-piece so as to provide equalized pres- -sure upon each of the V-surfaces of the groove as the V-groove is being formed.

Eighth, absolute precision manufacture or uniformity of product is'not always obtained even though variations may bevery slight.

Ninth, no means are provided for protecting the operator or machine from injury or damage in the event that the'operator accidentally omits or does not perform an operational step or that the machine'fails to function properly.

Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention generally to improve the art of making roller spun V-groove pulleys. V

Also,"it is an object of the present invention generally to improve the methods and apparatus of the enumerated prior art patents so as to eliminate the dimculties and disadvantages encountered in their use, as above set forth.

More particularly, the objects of the present invention include the provision of the improved apparatus 'in the form of an automatic turret type spinning apparatus in which there are provided means constituting a loading and unloading station, and one or more spinning stations, prefjerably including a rough spinning station and a apparatus.

These and o ther objects and advantages apparent to those skilled in the art from the following description and claims may be obtained, the stated results achieved, and the described difficulties overcome, by the methods, steps, procedures, operations, devices, constructions, arrangements, combinations, 'sub-eombinations, parts and elements which -eompr ise the resent invention, the nature of which are set forth in the following general statements, a preferred embodiment of which-illustrative or the best mode in which applicants have contemplated applying the principle-is set forth in the following description and shown in the drawings, and which are particularly and distinctly pointed out and set forth in the appended claims forming part hereof. I v I The nature of the improved method of the present invention may be stated in general terms as including roller spinning an article of ductile material by rotating the article about an axis, which maybe termed the spinning axis, applying upon the rotating article a moving'axial thrust or compressive force in the direction of the spinning axis and opposed by a thrust orcompressive -force, applying a moving roller spinning pressure upon portions of the article between the compressive forces, the directions of motion of the movin compressive force and of the moving roller spinning pressure being angular 'to 'each other, the moving roller spinning pressure being preferably radial with respect to the spinning axis, maintaining a minimum axial thrust or pressure at the beginning of the application of the radial roller spinning pressure, increasing the axial thrust or pressure to a maximum at the completion of the moving roller spinning "pressure, and equalizing the application of the radial roller'spinnin'g pressure between theopposin'g axial thrusts or compressive forces.

The nature of the improved apparatus of the present'invention may be stated in general terms as including maspinnmg'apparatus a plurality of headstocks, means for rotating said headstocks, a multiple position rotary indexing turret, means for ro'tatingsaid turret, a'plu'ra'lity of rotatable and axially movable tailstocks mounted on the turret, means'for axiallymoving said tailstocks, spinning die form "members mounted on the headstocks and tails tock's, self-equalizing roughing spinning roll means mounted for movement to and away from certain of said headstock die form members, self-equalizing finishing spinning roll means mountedfor'move'm'ent to and away from other of said headstock die form members, means for moving said spinning roll means to and away from said die form members; and safety, sequence, timing and control mechanism for the spinning apparatus including electric control and operating circuits, hydraulic control and operating valves andsystems, and interacting means coordinating the operation of the hydraulic systems and electric circuits; whereby metal blanks'may be loaded on the spinning apparatus and advanced therethrough in a continuous cycle to a rough spinning station, then to a finishing spinning station, and then to an unloading andloading station.

By way of example, a preferred embodiment of the improved spinning apparatus is illustrated in the accompanying drawings'forming part hereof,

wherein: t

Figure 1 is a fro'ntelevation'of -the'im'prove'd spinning paparatu's with certain parts broken away and other parts in section as on the line |-l, Fig.2;

Fig. 2 is a top plan view of the improved spinning apparatus;

Fig. 3 is a side elevation of the improved spinning apparatus with certain parts broken away;

Fig. 4 is a fragmentary section looking in the direction of the arrows 4-4, Fig. 1;

Fig. 5 is a fragmentary view looking in the direction of the arrows 55, Fig. 1, with the headstock spindle omitted and illustrating a spinning roll in retracted or out position;

Fig. 6 is a "view similar to Fig. 5 but showing the spinning roll in extended or in position at the completion of a spinning operation;

Fig. '7 is a vertical, somewhat diagrammatic, sectional view looking in the direction of the arrows 1-"1, Fig. '6;

Fig. 8 is -a fragmentary sectional view looking in'the direction of the arrows 8-8, Fig. 3;

t Fig. 9 is a diagrammatic view illustrating the three stations used in carrying out a cycle of operation 'on the improved spinning apparatus;

Fig. 10 is an enlarged fragmentary sectional view looking in the direction of the arrows Hl-l 0, Fig. 5, showing the equalizing mounting for the roughing spinning roll;

Fig. 11 a somewhat diagrammatic view illustrating the relative positions of the headstock, tailstock and roughing spinning roll when a tailstock has been moved by'the turret to a position below the roughing spinning headstock;

Fig. 12 is a view similar to Fig. 11 but showin the tailstock raised to clamp the blank between the two die forms'on the headstock and tailstock;

Fig. 13 is a view similar to Figs. '11 and 12 but showing the roughing spinning roll commencing a roughing spinning operation;

Fig. 14 is a view'similar to Figs. -11 through 13 'but'showing-the spinning mu completing a rough- -ing spinning operation 'Fig. "I5'is 'a view similar'to Figs. 11 through 14 'but'showing the spinning roll'retrac'tedand the tailstock lowered and ready to be advanced by the turret to the finish spinning station;

Fig. 16 is a view similar to Fig. 1 1: butshowing 5 the completion of a finish spinning operation;

Fig. 1 7 is aview similar to Fig. '15 but showing the finish spinning roll retracted and the tailstock lowered and ready to be advanced to the loading station where the finished pulley illustrated'maybe unloaded-an'd-a new blank inserted;

Fig. 18 is a sectional view of a finishedpulley; and

'Fig. "19 is a wiring'andpiping diagram showing the electrical and hydraulic contro1 devices.

Similar numerals refer to similar parts throughout the various figures or the drawings.

'Amachi'ne for'spinning V-groove pulleys i'n'corporating the improvements of the present inven- "tion is illustrated 'in -the drawings but "it is understood that the principles and improvements of theinvention maybe utilized in spinning many kinds and types of metal articles other than V-"groove pulleys preferably from rolled steel blanks, andfthat thejinventionis notlimited specifically to the spinning of V-groove pulleys.

The improved "automatic spinning apparatus includes "a "base "I having upwardly projecting "spaced pillars 2 thereon. "The upper ends of the "pillars 2 are preferably connected by a breast 70 plate 3; and a'drlvemotor support member 4 is 'adjustably mounted byslot'means "5 and bolts 6 "on'the'upp'er ends ofthe-pillars'2, and spans the space therebetween. A main drive motor! is supported'on'adjustable "support 4 suspended there- '"Ir'om ana located betweenthepillars 2.

Amultigroove drive pulley 8 is mounted on the main drive motor shaft 9 above support member 4 and drives two multigroove headstock pulleys I and II by a three-point drive through belts I2 as shown in Fig. 2. The headstock drive pulleys I0 and II are mounted on the upper ends of headstock spindles I3 and I4 .which are journaled for rotation in headstock housings I5 and I6 mounted side by side at H on the breast plate 3.

The antifriction bearing mounting of the headstock spindles I3 and I4 in housings I5 and I6 is such as to prevent any axial movement of the spindles I3 and I4. A rough spinning headstock die form generally indicated at I8 is mounted on the lower end of headstock spindle I3 and a finish spinning headstock die form generally indicated at I9 is mounted on the lower end of headstock spindle I4. Each of the headstock die forms I8 and I9 is preferably formed of a plurality of parts movable relative to one another. Thus, the die form I8 preferably includes a flanged member 20 secured preferably by bolts 2I to the lower end of spindle I3, and a movable preferably tapered plug or pad member 22 secured by a bolt 23 to the lower end of a rod 24 extending upward through the hollow bore 25 of spindle I3 and having a cross head 26.at its upper end.

The cross head 26 is arranged to move up and down in slot 21 formed in spindle I3. A spring 28 reacts between cross head 26 and disc member 29 held by split ring 30 against upward movement on spindle I3. Thus, the spring 28 normally tends to press die form pad 22 downward to a position spaced from the under surface of die form part 20 as shown in Fig. 1. Pins 3I may be mounted on the lower face of die form member 20 extending into holes in die form member 22 and movable axially in said holes to permit relativ axial movement between die form members 20 and 22 and to prevent relative rotary movement therebetween.

The construction of the die form member I9 and its mounting on spindle I4 is identical with the construction and mounting of the die form member I8 just described except that the contour of the finish spinning die form member I9 may in some cases be slightly difierent than the contour of the rough spinning die form I8.

Accordingly, when the main drive motor I is running, if pulleys I0 and I I are of the same size, the headstock die forms I8 and I9 are positively driven at the same speed of rotation which may be for example 1500 R. P. M. A bracket 32 is mounted on the outside face of each pillar 2 near the top of the pillar and an hydraulic cylinder 33 is pivotally mounted on a vertical axis at 34 on each bracket 32 to swing in a horizontal plane. A double acting piston (not shown) is movable in each cylinder 33 and the piston rod 35 thereof is pivoted at 36 between two bell crank levers 31 pivotally mounted at 38 on a bracket 39 having a flange 40 mounted on the breast plate 3 by bolts M.

A rough spinning roll generally indicated at 42 is journaled for rotation between the inner ends of the lefthand (viewing Fig. 1) set of hell crank levers 31 and a similar finishing spinning roll 43 is journaled for rotation between the inner ends of the righthand set of bell crank levers 3'I. Eacm spinning roll 42 and 43, in addition to being journaled for rotation, is mounted for floating or self-adjustable axial movement.

This floating or self-adjustable movement may be provided by journaling the ends 44 of the spinping roll shafts for rotary movement in bell crank levers 3'! and by providing a yielding equal-'- izing device preferably including a shaft 45 flanged at 46 extending through the. upper and lower bell crank levers 31 adjacent the spinning rolls. Springs 4! of equal tension react between the flange 46 and the bell crank levers 31 normally to hold the flange 46 equidistant between the upper and lower bell crank levers 31. A projecting bar 48 is fixed to each outer end of the shaft 45 and the projecting end of each bar 48 engages the respective end of the spinning roll shaft 44.

Thus, each spinning roll 42 and 43 while rotating may move upward or downward axially of its shaft in accordance with force which may be applied thereto or resistance to which it may be subjected. When such force or resistance is removed, it will again assume a central position by the action of springs 41. This construction of the spinning roll mounting is termed herein a self-equalizing or a self-adjusting mounting for a purpose to be hereafter described. I

A rotary turret post 49 projects vertically upward from the base I in front of and intermediate the pillars 2 and a rotary turret 50 having a crown ring gear 5! and an indexing plate 52 at its lower end is journaled on said turret post 49. The turret 59 is preferably formed to have a generally equilateral triangular shape in cross section so as to provide three vertical faces 53 whose planes are normal to planes radial of the turret shaft 49 space-d apart.

A tailstock slide bracket 54 is mounted on each turret face 53 and each bracket 54 is provided with a cylindric tailstock slide bore 55 extending vertically thereof. A tailstock slide housing 56 is slidably and non-rotatably mounted in each cylindric bore 55 and provided with upper and lower antifriction bearings 51 and 58 in which a tailstock spindle 59 is mounted. A pilot pin 60 and a tailstock die form BI are fixed to the upper end of each tailstock spindle 59.

A connector member 62 is mounted on the lower end of each tailstock spindle housing 56 below the lower end of the tailstock spindle 59 and the underside of member 62 is formed with a restricted open end T-slot 63 the sidewalls 64 of which are formed as cylindric surfaces with respect to the axis of rotation of the turret member 50. I

Below the turret 59 there are provided two separate tailstock elevators, each constituting a reciprocating fluid motor which is stationary with respect to the rotation of the turret 50 and attached parts, and these tailstock elevators are described in detail as follows:

A tailstock operating or elevator cylinder member 65 is mounted in the base I in axial alignment below the headstock spindle I3 and another tailstock operating or elevator cylinder member 69 is similarly mounted on the base I axially below the headstock spindle I4. Each tailstock operating cylinder member 65 and 6-6 includes wall forming an elongated primary cylinder 6'! and an enlarged secondary cylinder 68 at the lower end of the cylinder 61. A doubleacting actuating or elevator piston 69 is mounted for movement in cylinder 61, and a follower piston I6 is also mounted for movement in cylinder 6? spaced from and below actuating piston 69. An equalizing piston II is mounted for movement in cylinder 68. Pistons I0 and Here connected by an elevator piston rod 12 for unitary movement; and elevator piston rod I3 connected to actuating or elevator piston 69 extends upward throughstuffing'box I4 and above the upper end of operating cylinder member 65 and terminates in an enlarged connector head I5. Similarly, an elevator piston rod I6 extends upward from the actuating or elevator piston '69 in operating cylinder member 66 through stufiing box I1 to above the upper end thereof and terminates in an enlarged connector head I8.

actuating or elevator piston 69 is illustrated .in Fig. 1 at its limit of downward movement or retracted position and is illustrated in Fig. 7 at its limit of upward movement or extended position. When piston rods I3 and I6 .are in down position as shown in Fig. 1, rotary turret 50 may be rotated and T-slots 63 in the connector members 62 mounted on the lower ends of the tailstock spindle housing move in a circular path defined by the dot-dash circular center line I9 in Fig. 4.

Thus, the turret member 50 may be rotated to bring any one of its three tailstock spindles into axial alignment with either of the two headstock spindles 13 or I4 and the respective actuating or elevator piston rods I3 and I6 in axial alignment therebelow. As illustrated particularly in Figs. 1, 4 and '7, when two of the tailstock spindles 59 are in axial alignment with and between the two headstock spindles I3 and I4 and the respective actuating or elevator piston rods I3 and I6 therebelow, the enlarged connector heads I5 and I8 of the actuating or elevator piston rods are located or coupled within the T-slots 63 of the connector members 62 of said two tailstock spindles 59, so that upward or downward movement of the actuating or elevator piston rods I3 and I6 imparts corresponding upward or downward movement to said two tailstock spindles 59 for moving the tailstock die forms 6I mounted on said two tailstock spindles toward or away from the headstock die forms I8 and I9.

Upward movement of the actuating or elevator pistons '69 in cylinder members 65 and 66 is accomplished by admitting hydraulic pressure from a common hydraulic line 80 to the primary cylinder 6! of each cylinder member 65 and 66 between the actuating or elevator piston 69 and the follower piston I therein.

Downward movement of the actuating or elevator pistons 69 is accomplished by admitting hydraulic pressure from a common hydraulic line III to the extreme upper end of primary cylinders 61 above actuating or elevator pistons 69 in each cylinder member 65 and 66.

Compressed air may be admitted from a common-air line 82 to the secondary cylinders 68 below equalizing pistons II in each cylinder member 65 and 66. Relief openings or ports 83 may be provided communicating with the space 84 above each equalizing piston II in the secondary .cylinders 68 of each cylinder member 65 and 66.

The rotary turret-50 is rotated by crown pinion 85 meshing with crown gear and mounted (Fig. 3) on counter shaft 86 journaled in bearings 8! and 88 mounted on base 'I. A control cam 89 is mounted on shaft 86 preferably between bearings 81 and 88 and a gear 90 is mounted at the .rear of shaft 86 engaged and driven by pinion .9I on the shaft of fluid motor 92. An hydraulic :supply line 93 supplies pressure to actuate the .motor 92 which exhausts through line 94 and branch 95 to the decelerating valve 96 and branch 91 to line '98 leading to the sump. Another branch line 95a having a needle valve 96a con- .nects directly between line 94 and sump return line 98 for a purpose to be later described. The valve 96 'has an operating rod 99, the upper end -of which is provided with a roller I00 riding on cam 89. .Rod 99 is preferably spring pressed upward by a spring :(not shown) to maintain the roller I00 in engagement with the peripheral surface of the cam 89 at all times. The cam surface is preferably cylindrical asshown at I'0.I in Fig. 8 except for a projection I02.

When roller I00 rides on surface I0.I, valve 96 is open and hydraulic pressure is supplied from supply line 93 through fluid motor 92, line 94, branch to valve 96 and then to lines 91 and 98. When roller I00 rides on projection I02, valve 96 closes, cutting on the flow of fluid from fluid motor 92 thereby stopping the fluid motor. The needle valve 96a may be adjusted to permit a slight flow .of liquid directly from line 94 to line 98, by-passing valve 96, and maintaining motor 92 under pressure even though it may be stopped by some other means.

A 3:1 gear ratio is provided between gears SI and 85 so that one revolution of shaft 86 and gear 85 rotates turret 50 through one-third of a revolution or which is likewise the radial spacing between the axes of tailstock spindles 59 mounted on the turret 50.

Referring to diagrammatic Fig. 9, the turret 50 is indicated by a circle, and its axis of rotation is designated at 49 and its direction of rotation is indicated as being clockwise by the .arrow I03. Headstock and tailstock .spindles I3 and I4 are indicated by dot-dash lines and turret stations are denoted A, B and C. The station A is a loading and unloading station, the station B is a rough spinning station, and the station C is a finish spinning station. Tailstock spindles 59 are .denoted by full line circles 59a, 59b and 590.

If turret 50 is rotated 120 from the position shown in Fig. 9 by one complete revolution of turret indexing drive shaft 86, tailstock spindle 59a moves from stationA to station B below head- .stock spindle I3, tailstock spindle 59b moves to station C below headstock spindle I4, and tailstock spindle 59c moves to station A. When turret 50 is rotated through a second 120, spindle 59a moves to station C, spindle 5% moves to station A, and spindle 59c moves to station B. When turret 50is again for a third time rotated through 120 completing a complete revolution, tailstock spindles 59a, 59b and 590 each again assume the positions shown in -Fig. :9.

Thus, any ta-ilstock'spin'dle by continued intermittent rotary movement of turret v50 moves from loading and unloading station A, to rough spinning station B, to finish spinning station C, and back to loading and unloading station A; and each intermittent rotary movement of the turret is accomplished preferably by one revolution of turret drive shaft 86 for a reason to be later described.

If roller I00 has just ridden over projection I92 when any tailstock 59 is properly indexed in axial alignment between headstock spindle I3 and :cylinder member 65, the roller I 00 will again ride over projection I02 as shaft 86 completes another revolution and rotates turret 50 through onethird of a revolution. At this time, the particular tailstock spindle will be properly indexed in axial alignment betwen headstock spindle I4 and cylinder member 66.

In order to insure absolutely accurate indexing of the turret, and to lock the same in each indexed position, a turret control mechanism is provided as best shown in Figs. 1 and 4. Indexing plate 52 is provided with three peripheral notches I05 spaced 120 apart. A stop member I06 having the same shape as .notches I05 is adapted to be projected into any notch I 05 as the turret rotates and such notch I05 arrives at a position in alignment with locked stop member I06 which normally rides on cylindrical surface II of turret indexing plate 52.

Member I06 is preferably formed at the outer end of lever I08 pivoted at I09 on a bracket H0 mounted at I I I on one of the pillars 2. The inner end of lever I08 is pivoted at II2 to a link H3 pivoted to the rod I I4 of a solenoid control device I I5. The rod I I4 may be moved to the left (Fig. 4) by the solenoid and is normally moved to the right by the pressure of spring II6 reacting between rod H4 and device II5.

Thus, the spring I I6 acting upon the upper end of lever I08, causes lock member I06 to ride on the cylindrical surface I 01 of indexing plate 52 and to project it into any notch I 05 in indexing plate 52 to properly index the turret and lock it in indexed position. Lock member I06 may be retracted from engaged position with any notch I05 by energizing solenoid I I5.

Referring particularly to Figs. 2, 5 and 6 either of the spinning rolls may be moved to extended or in position illustrated in Fig. 6, by admitting hydraulic pressure through line III to the rear end of cylinder 33. The spinning rolls are moved to retracted or out position illustrated in Fig. 5 by admitting hydraulic pressure through line I I8 to cylinders 33.

Referring to Figs. 1 and 2, the drive belts I2 may be properly tensioned by adjustment of support member 4 to the rear (viewing Fig. 2) by adjusting screw II9, the bolts 6 operating in slots 5 being loosened and tightened in accomplishing such adjustment.

Pulleys having different sizes, diameters, widths and depths of grooves may be spun on the improved apparatus. Thus, the tailstocks are raised by fluid pressure which accommodates different piston strokes incident to changes in pulley size. The hydraulic actuation of the mechanism for moving the spinning rolls in or out likewise permits movement to different final spinning positions to accommodate changes in pulley sizes. An adjustable stop may be provided in the usual manner on the roll feed pistons, and the roll feed limit switches may likewishe be adjustable, for accommodating the spinning of pulleys of different sizes.

For any particular pulley, the movement of the tailstock operating pistons and the spinning roll pistons may control the operation of other parts by limit switches the positions of which may be adjusted.

The contours of the die forms l8, I9 and 6| and of the spinning rolls 42 and 43 may be changed for different articles to be spun. For this purpose the die forms and rolls are mounted so that they may be readily changed. Since the spinning rolls 42 and 43 are subjected to the greatest wear in operation, it is desirable to provide for the quick and ready replacement of spinning rolls with a minimum of machine shutdown time. This may be accomplished as best shown in Fig. 10 by forming each spinning roll 42 or 43 as an annular ring having a generally triangular cross section. The inner annular surface of the ring is preferably formed with a groove I20 in which a split ring I2I may be seated for assembling ball bearings I22 within the spinning roll ring. The bearings I22 are mounted on an enlarged central portion I23 of spinning roll shafts 44 and bushings I24 journal the reduced ends I25 of each shaft 44. The bushings I24 in turn are journaled at I 26 in the bell crank levers 31.

Caps I2'I secured by screws I28 to the ends of shaft 44 maintain the bushings I26 and bearings I22 assembled on the shafts 44 so that any spinning roll 42 or 43 may rotate on its shaft 44 and so that the entire assembly may move upward or downward (Fig. 10) with the bushings I24 sliding within the bores I26 of the bell crank levers 31 to provide the self-equalizing movement.

When it is desired to change a spinning'roll, it only is necessary to swing the bars 48 out of engagement with the caps I21, to then remove one of thescrews I28 permitting its cap I21 to be removed. Assuming that the upper cap I2'I has been removed, the shaft 44 and lower bushing I24 may then be removed axially from the lower bore I26 and from within the bearings I22. The bearings I22 may then be removed from the spinning roll 42 and inserted in a new spinning roll and the parts reassembled in the reverse order.

The one-revolution cam 89 (Fig. 8) for controlling the operation of the turret 50'provides a simple means by which any tailstock can be advanced from station to station and properly and accurately indexed at such station so that a spinning operation may be properly performed with all parts in accurate relative location and alignment.

The cam 89 cooperating with decelerating valve 96, turret lock I05I06, and fluid motor 92 performs an additional function. Thus (Figs. 3 and 8) when valve 96 is open when roller I00 rides on cylindrical surface 10!, full fluid pressure is acting on fluid motor 92 to rotate turret 50 at maximum speed. As cam 89 approaches the completion of one revolutionand turret 50 approaches a new indexed position-roller I 00 rides along inclined surface I29 of cam projection I02, thus closing valve 96 at a rate determined by the slope of surface I29 until the valve 96 is completely closed when roller I00 arrives at the top of projection I02.

As valve 96 closes, fluid flow through line 91 is reduced, thus slowing down fluid motor 92 as the turret approaches the position at which it is to be stopped. Movement of the turret is stopped completely just as roller I00 rides off-of projection I02 (the position shown in Fig. 8) because at this time the turret lock I 06 is projected into one of the turret notches I05 to lock the turret in indexed position.

When the turret has thus been locked by members I05--I06, valve 96 has again opened so that fluid may again flow therethrough, thereby maintaining the fluid motor under pressure. However, motor 92 cannot rotate turret 50 because the turret is maintained stopped in properly indexed position by the lock I05--I06. By maintaining the fluid motor 92 under pressure, the turret drive motor is instantly ready to accelerate and rotate the turret whenever the lock I06 is retracted from the notch I05. The needle valve 96a is provided for leading any desired amount of fluid directly from motor 92 to sump line 98 so as to insure the maintenance of fluid pressure on the motor at all times, thereby insuring the application of torque to the turret at all times.

Thus, each time the turret 50 is required to rotate, the stop I06 is retracted and the turret is allowed to rotate. The stop I06 is then immediately released in order to stop the turret at The progress of a rough spinning step is illustrated in Figs. 11 through 15. In Fig. 11, a drawn cup I30 is illustrated at rest in position in a. tailstock die form 6 I' at the upper end of one of the tailstock spindles 59, the cup I30 being the blank from which a pulley is to be spun and having been placed in the die form 6| at the loading station A (Fig. 9) and the die form BI having been moved by the turret 50' to the station B beneath the rough spinning headstock spindle I3. The drawn cup I30 includes an annular wall I3! at one end of the hub portion I32.

When the tailstock spindle 59 is raised (Fig. 12), the pad member 22 of the headstock die form I8 clamps the hub portion I32 of the cup member I30 against the tailstock die form BI and as the die form 6| continues to move up, the upper edge I33 of the annular wall I3I engages the flange member 20 of the die form I8. As the cup I30 is clamped between and engaged by die forms is and GI, cup I 30, die form GI, and tailstock spindle 59 rotate due to the continuous rotation of the headstock spindle I3 by main drive motor I.

The rough spinning roll 42' is then moved toward the rotating pulley blank I30 as shown in Fig. 13 and engages the annular wall' I3I and commences to roll a V-groove therein. As the annular wall I3I collapses and the V-groove commences to form. therein, tailstock die form BI continues its movement upward to follow up the collapsed wall, maintains the blank I30 clamped against the pad member 22' of the upper die form I8, and causes the upper edge I33 of blank I30 to form outwardly along the tapered portion I34 of the die form flange member 20. Meanwhile, the pad member 22 moved upwardly, slightly, while maintaining the blank I30 clamped against the lower die form 6 I, because of the yielding spring mounting 28 (Fig. l) of the pad member 22.

The rough spinning roll 4I continues to move inward to complete the rough spinning operation to the final position shown in Fig. 14, thus forming a V-groove to approximately its final shape with a rounded valley I35 in the flange I"3'I of the blank I 30, the lower die form GI following upward and approaching closer to the flanged member 20 of the upper die form I8. Meanwhile, the pad 22 continues to hold the cup clamped against the lower die form 6|.

The spinning roll 42 is then retracted to the position shown in Fig. 15, and the tailstock spindle 59 is lowered so that the turret 50 can be turned to move the rough spun pulley I36 from the rough spinning station B to the finish spinning station C.

The operation of the self-equalizing or selfadjusting mounting of the spinning rolls comes into play during the progress of spinning shown in Figs. 11 through 15. In Figs. 11, 12 and 15, the spinning roll 42 is illustrated in a position midway between the upper and lower bell crank levers 31. This central position is indicated by a plane illustrated by a dot-and-dash line I31 passing through the center of the spinning roll perpendicular to its axis of rotation. However, in Figs. 13 and 14, the spinning roll 42 has moved upward with reference to said plane I31 because of the spinning operation being performed by the roll 42 during which. the roll 42 adjusts itself to 12 the various forces acting between it, the blank I30, and the die forms I8 and GI in forming the V-groove I35 in the blank.

At the completion of the spinning operation illustrated in Fig. 14 the roll 42 has moved upward with respect to the plane I31 a maximum distance and equal pressure is exerted by the forming surfaces of the roll against both flanges of the V-groove I35.

The self-equalizing mounting of the spinning roll permits the spinning roll 42 (Fig. 12) as it approaches the annular wall I3I, to commence to roll the groove midway between the upper and lower ends of the annular surface I3I so that the V-groove is properly formed and positioned in the annular wall I3'I of the blank I30.

After the tailstock 59 has arrived at the position illustrated in Fig. 15, the turret 50 is moved to bring said tailstock to station C beneath the finish spinning headstock spindle I4 (Fig. 16). The tailstock spindle 59 is then raised, the finish spinning roll 43 is moved into the rough formed pulley groove I35 and roll 43 spins and irons the side walls of the V-groove to exact contour and size. The die forms I9 and GI operate during the finish spinning operation in the same manner as described in connection with Figs. 11 through 15. The parts are shown in Fig. 16 in the positions which they assume when the finish spinning operation has been completed to form the V-groove to finished shape I38.

The spinning roll 43 is then retracted to the position shown in Fig. 17, the tailstock spindle 59 is lowered, and the turret 50 then is moved to move said tailstock spindle 59 from station C to station A where the finished pulley I39 may be removed from and a new-blank I30 inserted in the lower die form 6|. During the operations described, the pilot pin 60 on the lower die form 6| maintains the pulley blank I30 centered and properly located in the lower die form 6|.

After the finished pulley I39 is removed from the spinning apparatus at station A, the upper flange of the V-groove may be cut 011 at I40 to the desired size, as shown in Fig. 18 where the finished product is illustrated.

During the spinning operations just described, it is important to maintain axial pressure between the die forms I8 or I9 and GI at all times during the application of the radially directed pressure of the spinning rolls. This is accomplished by the tailstock operating cylinder mechanism.

Each tailstock initially is moved upward by admitting fluid pressure into cylinder 61 (Fig. 1) below actuating piston 59. The actuating piston 69 below headstock spindle I3 moves rapidly upward until the edge I33 of blank I30 engages surface I34 of upper die form member 20 when further upward movement of tailstock 59 is momentarily stopped. However, fluid pressure continues to act within cylinder 61, and when the resistance encountered by the drawn cup pressed against the headstock is sufficient to overcome the air pressure under piston II, follower piston 10 moves downward against the air pressure maintained in secondary cylinder 68. At about the same time, the spinning roll 42 has moved toward the rotating blank I30 and has commenced to form the V-groove therein. As the annular wall I3I collapses or gives way radially due to the pressure of the spinning roll 42 at about the position shown in Fig. 13, the upward pressure of the tailstock spindle must be maintained and the tailstock 59 must move upward the blank spun pulley. During this dwell, the hydraulic pressure is maintained and the air piston II moves downward to a lowermost position so that maximum axial pressure is applied to the workpiece by the fluid in primary cylinder 6! and the air pressure in secondary cylinder 68 at the end of the spinning operation.

After spinning roll 42 moves outward to the position shown in Fig. 15, piston 'II moves upward and piston 69 is moved downward rapidly by the admission of hydraulic pressure through line 8I to cylinder 61 above actuating piston 69. When piston 69 is being moved upward by hydraulic pressure supplied through line 80, line 8I is connected to a sump; and when piston 69 is being moved downward by hydraulic pressure supplied through line BI, cylinders 6! exhaust through line 80 to the sump.

Referring to Figs. 1 and 4, a normally open return-type limit switch I4I is mounted in any suitable manner adjacent rod II4 controlled by solenoid H5, and limit switch I4I is closed by knocker I42 preferably mounted on rod I I4 when turret lock member I06 is engaged in one of the notches I in the turret indexing plate 52. When lock member I66 is retracted from notch I65 and when it rides on the periphery of indexing plate 52, knocker I42 is moved away from limit switch MI and limit switch I4I opens.

Referring to Figs. 5 and 6, a normally open return-type limit switch I43 is preferably mounted on each of the roll feed cylinders 33. Each switch I43 is adapted to be actuated by a knocker I 44 preferably mounted on piston rod 35 to close the switch when its spinning roll is in retracted position as shown in Fig. 5. When the spinning roll moves away from retracted position, knocker I44 is moved away from limit switch I43 is moved away from limit switch I43 and limit switch I43 opens.

Referring to Figs. 1 and 7, a normally open return-type limit switch I45 is mounted on each piston rod I3 and 16 of the tailstock operating cylinders, and another normally open returntype limit switch I46 is similarly mounted. A knocker I41 for actuating limit switch I45 is preferably mounted on each cylinder head I4 and I1; and a knocker I48 for actuating switch I45 is preferably mounted on each tailstock slide bracket 54'. Each switch I45 is closed by knocker I47 when the tailstocks are in down position illustrated in Fig. 1 and as the tailstocks are raised, switches I45 move away from knockers I 47 and switches I45 open. Each switch I46 is closed by knocker I48 when the tailstocks are in up position, and when the tail stocks are lowered, switches I46 move away from knockers I43 and switches I43 open.

The foregoing constitutes a detailed description of the various parts of the improved metal spinning apparatus by which a V-groove is formed in a pulley by spinning the cylinder wall of a previously drawn cup. The spinning operation is accomplished by collapsing the wall of the drawn cup by means of an idling spinning roll which is used to form and shape the metal to the contour of the roll and mating forms. This detailed description, however, does not include a description of the safety, timing, control and operating mechanisms which will be described in connection with the cycle of operation of the apparatus.

'In connection with the illustration of some mechanisms in certain of the figures of the drawings, some parts which would normally appear in those figures have been omitted so as to provide a clear illustration of the particular mechanisms shown in such figures of the drawings.

The spinning steps per se have been described in connection with Figs. 11 through 17. The complete operation of the improved apparatus and the coordination of the various mechanisms therein, however, may be described and understood best by first outlining briefly the cycle of operation of the apparatus; by then describing the safety provisions and interlocks; and by then describing in detail the operation of the safety, timing, control, and operating mechanisms which initiate, perform and control the cycle of operation.

Cycle of operation The cycle of operation of the improved metal spinning apparatus may be described conveniently as consisting of twelve operation or steps. Assume that all parts of the apparatus are momentarily at rest except the main drive motor 1 which is, continuously rotating thereby rotating the headstock spindles I3 and I4. The turret 50 at this time is locked in an indexed position, all three tailstocks 59 are down and the spinning rolls 42 and 43 are in out or retracted position.

Operation 1.-A drawn cup I30 is carriedfrom loading station A to rough spinning station B by indexing turret 50 (Fig. 9).

Operation 2.Tailstock 59 is moved "up pressing drawn cup I30 against headstock I3 in the position shown in Fig. 12. Friction between cup I30 and rotating headstock accelerates drawn cup and tailstock until all three parts rotate simultaneously.

Operation .3.-,Rough spinning roll 42 moves from out .position (Fig. 5). to in position (Figs. 6 and 14), thus collapsing wall I3l of cup I36 to form rough spun pulley I36. As the wall I3I of the cup is collapsed, the tailstock must follow up to maintain the proper total pressure between the die forms on the headstock and tailstock. 7

Operation 4.Spinning roll 42 is allowed to dwell in in position for approximately one second and then is returned to out position. I

Operation 5.-Tailstock 59 is returned to down position, thus lowering the rough spun pulley I36 from the rotating headstock I3 (Fig. 15).

Operation 6.- -(Simultaneou s with operation 1.) Another rough spun pulley I36 at station B is carried from station B to finish spinning station C.

Operation 7.-(Simultaneous with operation 2.) The tailstock below headstock I4 ismoved up pressing rough spun pulley I36 against headstock I4. Friction between pulley and rotating headstock accelerates pulley and tailstock to rotate simultaneously.

Operation 8.--(Simultaneous with operation 3). Finish spinning roll 43 moves from out' 15 position to in position further collapsing the rough spun pulley I36 to form the exact contour of the finished pulley groove (Fig. 16). Tailstock 59 meanwhile maintains total pressure against the pulley, including a slight follow up due to further collapsing of the pulley.

Operation 9.(Simultaneous with operation 4.) Pressure is maintained on the finish spinning roll 43 in in position for approximately one second in order to iron the surface of the pulley groove to exact size, then finish spinning roll 43 is returned to out position.

Operation 10.-(Simultaneous with operation Tailstock 59 is returned to down position, thus lowering finished pulley I39 from rotatin headstock I4.

Operation 11.(Simultaneous with operations 1 and 6.) A finished spun pulley I39 is carried from station C to station A thus completing the cycle.

Operation 12.- Simultaneous with operations 2 through 5 and 7 through 10.) The operator removes a finished pulley I39 from the tailstock at station A and inserts another drawn cup I30 into the die form, ample time elapsing during operations 2 through 5 and '7 through 10 for this manual loading and unloading to be performed.

Preferably, the total time required to complete the cycle of thetwelve operations to spin any one pulley is 13 /2 seconds, that is to say, 4% second: for each revolution of the turret 50 and the operations performed at any one station while the turret is stopped. During the 13 second cycle, three pulleys are produced by the machine.

Safety provisions and interlocks The safety, timing, control and operating mechanism presently to be described include certain safety provisions and interlocks as follows:

1. There are switches, not shown, controlling a relay in the main power line in a usual manner conveniently accessible to the operator at various places about the apparatus for stopping every part of the entire machine instantly in case of emergency.

2. It is impossible for the turret lock I06 to be retracted unless all tailstocks 59 are down and both spinning rolls 42 and 43 are out.

3. It is impossible to move the tailstocks 59 up unless the turret lock I06 is engaged in one of the notches I05 and the spinning rolls 42 and 43 are out.

4. It is impossible to move spinning rolls 42 and 43 to in" position unless the tailstocks 59 are up and the turret 50 is locked in an indexed position.

5. It is impossible to move the tailstocks 59 down unless the spinning rolls 42 and 43 are out and the turret 50 is locked in indexed position.

These safety measures are preferably provided by electrical interlocks which preferably include the following:

1. The turret index lock I06 is retracted by the solenoid I I5, the circuit to which is completed through limit switches I43 which are only closed when the spinning rolls 42 and 43 are out, and through limit switches I45 which are only closed when the tailstocks are down.

2. The tailstock pistons are moved up hydraulic pressure controlled by a solenoid operated valve. The electrical circuit for operating the solenoid to raise the tailstocks to up position is only completed when limit switch MI is closed (when. turret lock I06 is engaged). At this 16 time, the spinning rolls 42 and 43 are being held in out position by a holding circuit.

3. The roll feed pistons in cylinders 33 are moved to move the spinning rolls 42 and 43 to in position by hydraulic pressure controlled by a solenoid operated valve. The circuit to the solenoid for moving the rolls to in position is only completed when limit switches I46 are closed when the tailstocks are in up position. At this time, there is a holding circuit, maintaining the tailstocks up, closed when limit switch MI is closed when turret lock I06 is engaged.

4. Similarly, the solenoid cooperating with the valve for returning the roll feed pistons to out position is in an electric circuit established while a holding circuit holds the tailstocks up. This holding circuit is only completed when limit switch MI is closed when the turret lock I06 is engaged.

5. The tailstocks are moved to down position by hydraulic operation controlled by a solenoid operated valve. The circuit to the solenoid is completed through limit switches I43 which are closed when the spinning rolls 42 and 43 are in out position. At this time, the turret lock I06 is engaged.

Control apparatus The safety, timing, control and operating mechanisms, which initiate, perform and control the cycle of operation are illustrated diagrammatically in Fig. 19 which is a diagram of wiring and piping.

The control devices. shown in this diagram include the following:

A timer I49 which may operate continuously or which may be started and stopped by a push button, not shown, at the will of the operator. The timer I49 is preferably an adjustable speed timer of any usual construction having a maximum speed for its timer shaft of 4 seconds per revolution;

A sequence controller including a shaft indicated by thedot-dash line I50 connected to the timer shaft having mounted thereon an index control cam I5I, a tailstock control cam I52, and a roll feed control cam I53. A preferably single pole, single throw, normally open switch I54 is actuated by cam I5I and functions as an index actuating switch. A single pole, double throw, return-type switch I55 is actuated by cam I52 and functions as a tailstock actuating switch. A single pole, double throw, return-type switch I56 is actuated by cam I53 and functions as a roll feed actuating switch;

Hydraulic control valves, preferably solenoid operated four-way tailstock control valve I51 and solenoid operated four-way roll feed control valve I58; and

Interlocking limit switches I4I, I43, I45 and I46 previously described and operatively associated with various parts of the mechanical apparatus.

Each of the hydraulic operating cylinders is generally controlled by the control devices just enumerated except that the hydraulic turret motor is controlled by the turret decelerating valve 96 actuated by the one-revolution control cam 89.

The operation of the control devices commencing at operation 1 is as follows:

Timer I49 is just at a position to commence a 4 second cycle and cams I5I, I52 and I53 are in the positions and relative positions shown in Fig. 19 which may be said to be the 0 position of said cams and of cam shaft I50. A circuit pre- 17 viously established is closed from main power line I59, through contacts I66 and I6I of switch I56 (closed when roll I62 rides in valley I63 of cam I53), line I64, out solenoid I65 of roll feed control valve I58, and line I66 to the other side I61 of main power supply.

When solenoid I65 is energized, four-way valve I58 is in a position that hydraulic pressure in pipe 93 connects through branch I68, valve I58, pipe I69, and pipes II8 to roll feed cylinders 33 holding spinning rolls 42 and 43 out and limit switches I43 closed. Also, hydraulic pipe H1 is connected through branch I16, and four-way valve I58 to branch pipe I1l leading to the sump.

Another previously established circuit is also maintained from line I59 through contacts I12 and I13 of switch I55 (closed when roll I14 rides in valley I15 of cam I52), line I16, roll feed cylinder limit switches I43, line I11, down solenoid I18 of four-way tailstoclc control valve I51, and line I 19 to power supply line I61.

When solenoid I18 is energized, four-way valve I51 connects hydraulic pressure pipe 93 through branch I86 with pipe 8I leading to the top side of tailstock cylinders 65 and '66 to hold the tailstocks down, at which time limit switches I45 are maintained closed. At this time, pipe 86 leading from the lower end of tailstock cylinders 65 and 66 communicate through four-way valve I51 with pipe I8! connected with pipe "I leading to the sump.

'A circuit is established through contacts I82 and I83 of switch I54 (closed by roll I84 riding on raised portion I85 of cam II) said circuit running from line I59 through line I86, contacts of limit switch I45 of lefthand tailstock cylinder, line I91, contacts of limit switch I45 of righthand tailstock cylinder (limit switches I45 are closed when tailstocks are down), line I83, contacts I82 and I63 of switch I54, line I89, and solenoid H5 of index lock control device to the other side I61 of main power supply.

When solenoid H5 is energized, index lock I96 is retracted from notch I65 in turret index plate 52. Hydraulic pressure from the main line 93 leading from the pump is meanwhile acting on turret motor 92 and decelerating valve 96 is open. As soon as turret lock I66 is retracted, motor 92 turns the turret.

When shaft 86 has made one revolution, the turret will have revolved one-third of a revolution to reach the next indexed postion. Just prior to the completion of one revolution of shaft 86, roller I66 rides on inclined surface I29 of cam projection I62, closing decelerating valve 96 and stopping turret motor 92 at about the same time that turret lock I66 snaps into the next turret notch I65 to lock the turret in the next indexed position. Just as turret lock I65-I66 is established, the decelerating valve 9'6 again opens as shown in Fig. 19 so that the fluid motor 92 is again under pressure ready to start rotating the turret the instant that the turret lock is again retracted.

Meanwhile, timer cam shaft I56 turns through 80 and roller I84 rides on valley I96 of cam I5I openingswitch I54; roller I14 of switch I55 rides up on raised portion at I9I of cam I52 closing contacts I12 and I92 (and opening contacts I12 and I13) of switch I55; and roller I62 continues to ride in valley I63 of cam I53 maintaining contacts I66 and I6I of switch I56 closed.

The previously established circuit is thus held from main power line I69, through contacts I66 18 and I 6| of switch I56, line I64, out solenoid I of roll feed control valve I58 and line I66 to the other side I61 of main power supply; and the solenoid I65 being energized continues to hold four-way valve I58 in such position that the spinning rolls are held out.

A new circuit is established from main power line I59 through contacts I12 and I92 of switch I55, line I93, contacts of limit switch I4I (closed because turret lock I66 is engaged), line I94, up" solenoid I95 of tailstock control valve I51, and line I96 to the other side I61 of main power supply. a

When solenoid I95 is energized, four-way valve I51 is in a position that hydraulic pressure in pipe 93 connects through branch I86, valve I51, and pipe 86 to tailstock cylinders 65 and 66 to raise the tailstock cylinders up and to close limit switches I46 when the tailstocks are up. At this time, the tailstock cylinders communicate through pipe BI, valve I51 and pipe I8I to the sump.

By the time the tailstock cylinders have reached up position and the limit switches I46 have closed, timer cam shaft I56 has turned through another or a total of 160 from 0 position. At this time, switch I54 is still open because roll I84 rides in valley I96 of cam I5I roll I14 still rides on raised portion of cam I 52 maintaining contacts I92 and I12 of switch I55 closed; and roller I62 of switch I56 rides up on raised portion at I91 of cam I53 closing contacts I98 and I66 and opening contacts I66 and I6I of switch I56.

The circuitpreviously established from line I59 through contacts I12 and I92 of switch I55, limitswitch I4I, line I94, up solenoid I95 of tailstock control valve I51 and power supply line I61 is still maintained; thus holding the tailstocks up.

A new circuit is established from main power line I59, through contacts I66 and I98 of switch I56, line I99, contacts of lefthand limit switch I46 (closed when tailstock cylinders are up), line 266, contacts of righthand tailstock cylinder limit switch I46, line 26I, in solenoid 262 of roll feed control valve I58 and line 263 to the other side I61 of main power supply.

When solenoid 262 is energized, four-way valve I58 is in a position that hydraulic pressure in pipe 93 connects through branch I68, valve I56, pipe I16, and pipe II1 to roll feed cylinders 33, moving spinning rolls 42 and 43 'in.

After the spinning rolls 42 and 43 have moved to in position and have performed the spinning operation including a dwell, the timer cam shaft 156 will have rotated through another or a total of 286 from the 0 position. At this time, roll I84 still rides in valley I96 of cam I5I maintaining switch I54 open; roll I14 still rides on raised portion of cam I52 continuing to maintain contacts I92 and I12 of switch I55 closed (the tailstock cylinder pistons thereby still up) but roll I62 rides into valley of cam I53 at 264 thereby opening contacts I98 and I66 and closing contacts I66 and I6I of switch I56.

At this time, a circuit is established from power line I59 through contacts I66 and I6I of switch I56, line I64, out solenoid I65 of roll feed control valve I58, and line I66 to the other side 19 rolls 42 and 43 out when limit switches I43 will be closed.

By this time, timer cam shaft I50 has rotated through another 40 or a total of 320 from the position; and roller I84 still rides in valley I90 of cam II maintaining switch I54 open; roller I62 still rides in valley I53 of cam I53 maintaining contacts I60 and I6l of switch I56 closed; and roller I14 rides into valley at 205 of cam I52 opening contacts I92 and I12 and closing contacts I12 and I13 of switch I55.

Since contacts I50 and IBI of switch I56 are still closed, solenoid I65 remains energized and the spinning rolls are maintained out. A new circuit is established from line I59 through contacts I12 and I13 of switch I55, line I16, roll feed cylinder limit switches I43, line I11, down" solenoid I18 of tailstock control valve I51, and line I19 to power supply line I51.

By energizing solenoid I18, hydraulic pressure acts through tailstock control valve I51 to the top of tailstock cylinders 65 and 56 to move the tailstocks to down position when limit switches I45 are closed.

Meanwhile, timer cam shaft I50 has rotated through another 40 and thus has returned to 0 position ready to start a new cycle of operations as just described.

Accordingly, the improved apparatus satisfies each and all of the objects set forth in the preamble of the specification and which for brevity are not repeated here; and provides substantially continuous and automatically operating spinning apparatus for rapidly spinning metal articles by which moving opposed axial thrusts or compressive forces and a radial roller spinning pressure angular thereto, are applied to a rotating article, the axial pressure at the beginning of the application of the roller spinning pressure being a minimum and increasing to a maximum at the completion of the operation, and the roller spinning pressure being equalized as applied to the rotating article between opposing axial thrusts or compressive forces.

In the foregoing description, certain terms have been used for brevity, clearness and understanding, but no unnecessary limitations are to be implied therefrom beyond the requirements of the prior art; because such words are used for descriptive purposes and not for the purpose of limitation and. are intended to be broadly construed.

Thus, the word hydraulic used herein and in the claims is intended to include preferably oil, and also other liquids which may be used to operate cylinders; the word air is intended to include air or other gaseous material used to operate a cylinder; and the words roller spinning" are intended to describe the operation performed between the rotating head and tailstock die forms and the spinning rolls regardless of the shape or the contour thereof.

Moreover, the invention is not limited to the exact structures shown herein, because the design of the various parts may be varied to provide other structural embodiments without departing from the scope of the present invention.

Having now described the features of the invention, the construction, manufacture, operation and use of a preferred form of improved apparatus, the details of the steps of the improved method, and the advantages and results obtained by the use of the same; the new and useful inventions, constructions, parts, elements, combinations, sub-combinations, methods, steps and 20 procedures, and reasonable mechanical equivalents thereof obvious to those skilled in the art. are set forth in the appended claims.

We claim:

1. In metal spinning apparatus, a headstock, means for rotating said headstock, a rotatable tailstock movable axially toward and away from said headstock; and means for axially moving said tailstock including, a primary cylinder, a double acting hydraulically actuated actuating piston mounted for movement in the primary cylinder having a piston rod connectible with the tailstock, a follower piston mounted for movement in the primar cylinder spaced from said actuating piston, a secondary cylinder, an equalizing piston mounted for movement in the secondary cylinder, piston rod means connecting said follower and equalizing pistons, and air pressure means communicating with said equalizing piston in said secondary cylinder.

2. In metal spinning apparatus, a base, pillar means projecting upwardly from the base, two headstock spindles mounted for rotation at the upper end of said pillar means, means for rotating said headstock spindles in unison, three rotatable tailstock spindle members mounted on the base, means for moving said tailstock members to bring any selected two into axial alignment respectively with said two headstock spindles, separate means for moving the selected tailstock spindles when axially aligned with said headstock spindles toward and away from said headstock spindles, and said tailstock spindles being mounted for rotatable movement in unison with said headstock spindles.

3. In metal spinning apparatus including a rotatable indexing turret movable to selected indexed positions, a plurality of tailstock members mounted on the turret for movement circumferentially about the turret axis, said tailstock members each being rotatable about its own axis and being movable longitudinally of its axis, and separate means rotationally stationary with respect to the turret and connected with at least one of said tailstock members only when the turret is in an indexed position for moving such tailstock longitudinally of its axis.

4. In metal spinning apparatus including a rotatable indexing turret movable to selected indexed positions, a plurality of tailstock members mounted on the turret for movement circumferentially about the turret axis, said tailstock members each being rotatable about its own axis and being movable longitudinally of its axis, means connected with at least one of said tailstock members when the turret is in an indexed position for moving such tailstock longitudinally of its axis, said means including hydraulic tailstock actuating cylinder means having a connector member, and a member on said tailstock member provided with a T-shaped slot engaged with said connector member when the turret is in an indexed position.

5. Metal spinning apparatus including a multiple position rotary indexing turret, a plurality of headstocks, means for rotating said headstocks, a plurality of slide brackets mounted on the turret, a rotatable and axially movable tailstock mounted in each bracket, means separate from the turret for axially movin said tailstocks in the slide brackets, means for rotating the turret to selected indexed positions to locate said tailstocks in axial alignment with said headstocks, 'mating spinning die form members mounted Oil the hB'adSfiOcks and t'aiIStOCkS llg'ag ing and clamping workpieces between mated members when the tailstocks are moved toward the headstocks, said tailstocks being rotated by the headstocks when the workpieces are clamped between mated members, axially yielding and self-equalizing spinning rolls means mounted for movement to and away from said die form members to uniformly work the workpiece be tween the spinning roll means and the mated members, and means for locking the turret in any indexed position.

6. Metal spinning apparatus including a multiple position rotary indexing turret, a plurality of headstocks, means for rotating the headstocks, a plurality of slide brackets mounted on the turret, a rotatable tailstock mounted in each bracket on the turret movable axially between up and down positions, means for axially moving said tailstocks in the slide brackets, means for rotating the turret to selected indexed positions to locate said tailstocks in axial alignment with said headstocks, mating spinning die form members mounted on the headstocks and tailstocks engaging and clamping workpieces between mated members when the tailstocks are moved toward the headstocks, said tailstocks being rotated by the headstocks when the workpieces are clamped between mated members, axially yielding self-equalizing spinnin roll means mounted for movement to in and out positions to and away from said die form members to uniformly work the workpieces between the spinning roll means and the mated members, means for locking the turret in any index position, and means actuated upon arrival of the tailstocks at down position for unlocking the turret locking means.

7. Metal spinning apparatus including a multiple position rotary indexing turret, a plurality of headstocks, means for rotating the headstocks, a plurality of slide brackets mounted on the turret, a rotatable tailstock mounted in each bracket on the turret movable axially beween up and down positions, means for axially moving said tailstocks in the slide brackets, means for rotating the turret to selected indexed positions to locate said tailstocks in axial alignment with said headstocks, mating spinning die form members mounted on the headstocks and tailstocks engaging and clamping workpieces between mated members when the tailstocks are moved toward the headstocks, said tailstocks being rotated by the headstocks when the workpieces are clamped between mated members, axially yielding self-aligning spinning roll means mounted for movement to in and out positions to and away from said die form members to uniformly work the workpieces between the spinning roll means and the mated members, means for locking the turret in any indexed position, and means actuated in a cycle upon arrival of the tailstocks at down position for successively unlocking the turret lock, rotating the turret, locking the turret lock, moving the tailstocks to up position, moving the rolls to in position, moving the rolls to out position, and movin the tailstocks to down position.

8. Metal spinning apparatus including a multiple position work-carrying rotary indexing turret, a plurality of headstocks, means for rotating said headstocks, a plurality of slide brackets mounted on the turret, a rotatable and axially movable work-carrying tailstock mounted on the turret in each bracket, means for axially moving the tailstocks in the slide brackets, means for rotating the turret to selected index positions, mating spinning die form members mounted on the headstocks and tailstocks engaging and clamping workpieces between mated members when the tailstocks are moved toward the headstocks, said tailstocks bein rotated by the headstocks when the workpieces are clamped between mated members, axially yielding selfequalizing spinning roll means mounted for movement to and away from said die form members to uniformly work the workpieces between the spinning roll means and the mated members, and means for locking the turret in any indexed position.

9. In metal spinnifig apparatus, a headstock, means for rotating said headstock, a rotatable tailstock movable axially toward and away from said headstock; and tailstock operating cylinder means for axially moving said tailstock including, primary cylinder means, actuating piston means in said primary cylinder means engageable with the tailstock, secondary cylinder means, equalizing piston means in said secondary cylinder means, fluid means to operate the actuatin and equalizing piston means, and said equalizing piston means including a follower piston spaced from said actuating piston and connected with the equalizing piston and movable in the primary cylinder means.

WILLIAM R. HARRISON. WILFORD G. KILPATRICK. HANS J. ZIMIVIERMANN. NOLTE V. SPROUL.

LOUIS C. GALLE-HER.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 421,668 Case Feb. 18,1890 451,184 Manville Apr. 28, 1891 701,589 Livingston June 3, 1902 757,080 Yale Apr. 12, 1904 1,028,652 Wurzburg June 4, 1912 1,603,921 Peth Oct. 19, 1926 1,711,075 Zimmerman Apr. 30, 1929 1,750,784 Petersen Mar. 18, 1930 1,828,464 Harrison Oct. 20, 1931 1,873,164 Turnquist Aug. 23, 1932 1,936,808 Townsend Nov. 28, 1933 2,019,493 Hothersall Nov. 5, 1935 2,041,309 Verderber May 19, 1936 2,062,415 Harrison Dec. 1, 1936 2,122,356 Bullard June 28, 1938 2,145,956 Stern Feb. 7, 1939 2,189,004 Harwood Feb. 6, 1940 2,196,930 Loweke Apr. 9, 1940 2,223,481 Darling Dec. 3, 1940 2,249,964 Linder July 22, 1941 2,251,810 Smith Aug. 5, 1941 2,270,590 Johnson Jan. 20, 1942 2,271,583 Dornhofer Feb. 3, 1942 2,317,099 Groene Apr. 20, 1943 2,355,132 Afileck Aug. 8, 1944 2,362,054 Denison Nov. 7, 1944 2,455,768 Herman Dec. 7, 1948 2,493,053 Zatyko Jan. 3, 1950 FOREIGN PATENTS Number Country Date 232,255 Germany of 1911 

